Iphethini yokusebenza incike kakhulu kumuntu ngamunye
Okungenani lokhu kuwukuqonda kwabantu kwendabuko ngamaphethini okugijima. Ukuze bafeze ukunyakaza okuphelele, ababhukudi kufanele bazijwayeze ukushaya indlwabu, abadlali bethenisi abasafufusa kufanele bachithe amahora amaningi bezijwayeza ukunyakaza kwezinyawo okufanele kanye nokunyakaza kokujikijela, abadlali begalofu kufanele bahlale bezama ukulungisa izindlela zabo, kodwa abagijimi ngokuvamile badinga ukugijima kuphela. Ngokuvamile kukholakala ukuthi ukugijima kuwumdlalo oyisisekelo futhi akudingi noma yiziphi izincwadi zemiyalelo.
Kodwa abagijimi bavame ukugijima ngokwemvelo njengokuphefumula, ngaphandle kokucabanga, ukuhlela noma ukuzijwayeza ukuhamba okuhlelekile kakhulu. Ngokombono ovamile, wonke umgijimi wenza ngcono iphethini yakhe yokugijima ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa, futhi iphethini yokuhamba eyakhiwe kule nqubo ihilela imisebenzi yezimpawu zomgijimi ezihlukile zomzimba kanye nemisipha. Indlela yokulingisa abanye abagijimi noma, ngokunembile, ukufunda amaphethini okugijima kubaqeqeshi noma ezincwadini kubhekwa njengokuziphatha okuyingozi ngoba kungase kungahambisani nokusebenza komuntu futhi kubangele ngisho nokulimala ngokomzimba.
Lo mbono odumile kakhulu empeleni awunangqondo futhi uguqulwe amaqiniso. Phela, ukugijima kuqukethe ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe, futhi bonke abagijimi baphinda ukunyakaza okukodwa. Lapho ijubane lokugijima landa, cishe bonke abagijimi bazokwandisa ukugoba kwedolo ngesikhathi sokujika komlenze kanye nezigaba zokushelela zokuhamba (ukujikijela umlenze owodwa phambili usuka phansi bese ubuyela emuva ngaphambi kokuthintana okulandelayo nomhlabathi). Abagijimi abaningi banciphisa ukugoba kwamalunga edolo labo ngesikhathi sokujika komlenze lapho begijima behla entabeni futhi bakwenyuse lapho bekhuphuka ngokushesha. Ngesikhathi sokujika komlenze, bonke abagijimi bazosebenzisa imisipha yentambo ye-levator ukulawula ukunyakaza kwemilenze yabo phambili. Lapho umgijimi eqhubekela phambili, indlela unyawo ngalunye luhamba ngayo phansi nasemoyeni isesimweni "sebhontshisi eluhlaza", futhi le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi "ijika lokunyakaza" noma indlela yonyawo nomlenze ngaphakathi kwesinyathelo.
Izindlela eziyisisekelo kanye namaphethini emisipha yokugijima awahlukile, ngakho-ke kuyangabaza kakhulu ukuthi umgijimi ngamunye angakha iphethini yakhe yokuhamba efanele. Ngaphandle kokuhamba, akukho omunye umsebenzi womuntu ongafeza intuthuko engcono kakhulu ngaphandle kwesiqondiso nokufunda njengokugijima. Abangabaza bangase babuze ukuthi yini "engcono kakhulu" lapho abagijimi bethuthukisa izitayela zabo zokugijima. Okokuqala, akunakwenzeka neze ukuvimbela ukulimala ngokomzimba okubangelwa ukugijima kubagijimi, ngoba ama-90% abagijimi ayalimala minyaka yonke. Okwesibili, ukusebenza kahle kokuzivocavoca nakho akuphezulu, ngoba ucwaningo lwembula ukuthi izinhlobo ezithile zokuqeqesha zingashintsha iphethini yokugijima futhi ngaleyo ndlela zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle.
Gijima ngamathayi ayisikwele
Umphumela omubi womqondo wokuthi bonke abagijimi ngokwemvelo bazokwakha amaphethini abo okugijima ahlukile ukuthi iningi labagijimi alichithi isikhathi esanele sithuthukisa amaphethini abo. Imodi yokugijima ye-Bijing isivele ingcono kakhulu. Kungani uzama ukuyishintsha? Abagijimi abazimisele bazochitha isikhathi esiningi behlela izinhlelo zokuqeqesha eziyinselele zokuthuthukisa izinguquko ezibalulekile ezithinta amazinga okusebenza kwezemidlalo, njengokusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo okuphezulu, inani lendilinga ye-lactate, ukumelana nokukhathala kanye nesivinini esiphezulu sokugijima. Kodwa-ke, bawashaya indiva amaphethini abo okuhamba futhi behluleka ukuqonda amasu okuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuhamba. Lokhu kuvame ukuholela abagijimi ekwakheni "imishini" enamandla - izinhliziyo eziqinile ezingapompa igazi eliningi elinomoya-mpilo emisipheni yemilenze, nayo enekhono eliphezulu lokushiswa komoya-mpilo. Kodwa-ke, abagijimi abavamile ukufeza izinga lokusebenza elihle kakhulu ngale "mishini" ngoba imilenze yabo ayakhi ukusebenzisana okuhle nomhlabathi (okungukuthi, indlela yokunyakaza kwemilenze ayilungile). Lokhu kufana nokuhlomisa imoto ngenjini ye-Rolls-Royce ngaphakathi kodwa ukufaka amathayi ayisikwele enziwe ngamatshe ngaphandle.
Umgijimi omuhle
Omunye umbono wendabuko uthi ukubonakala komgijimi lapho egijima kuyisihluthulelo sephethini yokugijima. Ngokuvamile, ukubonakaliswa kokucindezeleka nobuhlungu, kanye nokubonakala kokuqhaqhazela ikhanda, akukhuthazwa. Ukujikijela umzimba ongaphezulu kakhulu kanye nokunyakaza kwezingalo ngokweqile ngokuvamile akuvunyelwe, njengokungathi ukunyakaza komzimba ongaphezulu kuyisici esiyinhloko esinqumayo sephethini efanele yokugijima. Ukuqonda okuvamile kusikisela ukuthi ukugijima kufanele kube ukuzivocavoca okubushelelezi nokunesigqi, futhi iphethini efanele kufanele ivumele abagijimi ukuthi bagweme ukwelula nokucindezela.
Kodwa-ke, akufanele yini iphethini efanele ibe yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kunokunyakaza okubushelelezi nokulawula umzimba? Akufanele yini umsebenzi wezinyawo, amaqakala nemilenze uchazwe ngokunembile ngemininingwane eqondile neyesayensi efana nama-engeli amalunga nemilenze, ukuma kwemilenze nokunyakaza, kanye nama-engeli amalunga eqakala lapho izinyawo ziqala ukuthinta umhlabathi (esikhundleni semiyalelo engacacile njengokuphakamisa amadolo, ukukhulula amadolo, nokugcina amaqakala enwebeka)? Phela, amandla okuqhubekela phambili avela emilenzeni hhayi emzimbeni ongaphezulu - iphethini efanele kufanele ikwazi ukukhiqiza ukunyakaza okungcono, okusheshayo, okusebenzayo kakhudlwana nokungathinteki kakhulu. Into ebalulekile ukuchaza ngokucacile ukuthi umzimba ongezansi kufanele wenzeni (ngokusebenzisa idatha eqondile, kunokusebenzisa amagama nje), okuyilokho lesi sihloko esizokutshela kona.
Amaphethini okugijima kanye nokusebenza kahle kokugijima. Ucwaningo lwephethini yendabuko lugxile kakhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kokunyakaza. Izifundo zezilwane zibonisa ukuthi izilwane zivame ukuhamba ngendlela eyonga amandla kakhulu. Ekuqaleni, izifundo mayelana nokusebenza kahle kokugijima kanye namaphethini abagijimi abangabantu zibonakala ziqinisekisa umbono wokuthi amaphethini okugijima “ayenziwe ngendlela yomuntu siqu” (okuthi wonke umuntu wakha iphethini yokugijima ebafanelayo), ngoba ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi abagijimi ngokwemvelo bakha ubude babo obuhle kakhulu bokuhamba, kanti ubude bokuhamba buyisici esibalulekile emaphethini okugijima. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi, ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, ukugijima kwemvelo kwabagijimi kuyimitha eli-1 kuphela, okungekude nokugijima okusebenzayo kakhulu. Ukuze uqonde lolu hlobo locwaningo, kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kokugijima kuchazwa ngokusekelwe enanini le-oxygen esetshenziswayo ngesikhathi sokugijima. Uma abagijimi ababili behamba ngesivinini esifanayo, lowo osebenzisa i-oxygen ephansi (olinganiswa ngokusetshenziswa kwe-oxygen ngekhilogramu yesisindo somzimba ngomzuzu) usebenza kahle kakhulu. Ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kuyisibonakaliso sezinga lokusebenza. Kunoma yisiphi isivinini, uma kuqhathaniswa nabagijimi abasebenzisa i-oxygen ephansi abanekhono elifanayo le-aerobic, abagijimi abasebenzisa i-oxygen ephansi banesilinganiso esiphansi sokusetshenziswa kwe-oxygen ekusetshenzisweni kwabo okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokugijima futhi benza umzamo omncane. Njengoba ukunyakaza kwemilenze kudla umoya-mpilo ngesikhathi sokugijima, ukucabanga okunengqondo ukuthi ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kuwumgomo oyisisekelo wokuthuthukisa imodi. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuguqulwa kwephethini kufanele kube ukuguqulwa okuqaphile kokunyakaza kwemilenze okuhle kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle.
Kolunye ucwaningo, lapho abagijimi bekhulisa noma benciphisa ubude bezinyathelo zabo, ukusebenza kahle kokugijima kwehla ngempela. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka yini ukuthi unyawo oluhle lomgijimi luwumphumela wemvelo wokuqeqeshwa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuqondiswa kwezinyathelo okuqondisiwe? Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma bengakwazi ukwenza ngcono ubude bezinyathelo zabo, ingabe ezinye izici zokuhamba ngeke zikwazi ukuzilungiselela? Njengoba amaphethini emvelo afanele umzimba, lokhu akusho ukuthi abagijimi kufanele bagweme ukulungisa amaphethini abo okuqala?
Kalula nje, impendulo iwukungalungi. Lezi zifundo ngobude bezinyathelo kanye nokusebenza kahle zineziphambeko ezijulile zendlela yokusebenza. Lapho umgijimi eshintsha iphethini yakhe yokugijima, ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa, ukusebenza kahle kwakhe kokugijima kuzothuthuka kancane kancane. Isimo sesikhathi esifushane ngemva kokushintsha kwemodi yokugijima asibonisi umthelela wokugcina walolu shintsho lwemodi ekusebenzeni kahle kwabagijimi. Lezi zifundo zahlala isikhathi esifushane kakhulu futhi empeleni azizange zisekele umbono wokuthi abagijimi bathuthukise ngokwemvelo ubude bezinyathelo zabo. Njengokuphikiswa okwengeziwe kombono wokuthi ukugijima "kunakho", izifundo zibonise ukuthi izinguquko ezibalulekile kumaphethini okugijima zingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokugijima.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-28-2025