Uma izinto ezimbili zishayisana, umphumela uba ngokomzimba kuphela. Lokhu kusebenza kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imoto ehamba ngesivinini esikhulu emgwaqweni omkhulu, ibhola lebhiliyadi eligingqika etafuleni lefelti, noma umgijimi oshayisana nomhlaba ngesivinini sezinyathelo ezingu-180 ngomzuzu.
Izici ezithile zokuthintana phakathi komhlabathi nezinyawo zomgijimi zinquma isivinini sokugijima somgijimi, kodwa abagijimi abaningi abavamile ukuchitha isikhathi befunda "izindlela zabo zokushayisana". Abagijimi banaka amakhilomitha abo amasonto onke, ibanga lokugijima ibanga elide, isivinini sokugijima, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, isakhiwo sokuqeqeshwa kwesikhashana, njll., kodwa bavame ukunganaki iqiniso lokuthi ikhono lokugijima lincike kwikhwalithi yokusebenzisana phakathi komgijimi nomhlabathi, futhi imiphumela yazo zonke izixhumanisi incike ku-Angle lapho izinto zithintana khona. Abantu bayasiqonda lesi simiso lapho bedlala amabhiliyadi, kodwa bavame ukungasinaki lapho begijima. Ngokuvamile abanaki nhlobo ama-engeli lapho imilenze nezinyawo zabo zithintana khona nomhlabathi, yize amanye ama-engeli ehlobene kakhulu nokukhulisa amandla okunyakaza nokunciphisa ingozi yokulimala, kuyilapho amanye ekhiqiza amandla engeziwe okubhuleka futhi andise amathuba okulimala.
Abantu bagijima ngendlela yabo yemvelo futhi bakholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi lena yindlela engcono kakhulu yokugijima. Iningi labagijimi alinaki ukubaluleka kwendawo yokusebenzisa amandla lapho lithinta umhlabathi (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kufanele lithinte umhlabathi ngesithende, iphansi lonyawo lonke noma ingaphambili). Ngisho noma bekhetha indawo yokuxhumana engafanele ekhulisa amandla okubhuleka kanye nengozi yokulimala, basakhiqiza amandla amakhulu emilenzeni yabo. Bambalwa abagijimi abacabanga ngokuqina kwemilenze yabo lapho bethinta umhlabathi, yize ubunzima bunethonya elibalulekile endleleni yamandla okushaya. Isibonelo, lapho ukuqina komhlabathi kukhulu, amandla adluliselwa emuva emilenzeni yomgijimi ngemva kokushaywa. Lapho ukuqina kwemilenze kukhulu, kulapho amandla angaphambili akhiqizwa khona lapho esunduzelwa phansi.
Ngokunaka izinto ezifana nokuxhumana komhlabathi I-engela yemilenze nezinyawo, indawo yokuxhumana, kanye nobunzima bemilenze, isimo sokuxhumana phakathi komgijimi nomhlabathi singabikezelwa futhi singaphindeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba kungekho mgijimi (ngisho no-Usain Bolt) ongahamba ngesivinini sokukhanya, imithetho kaNewton yokunyakaza iyasebenza emiphumeleni yokuxhumana kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umgijimi uqeqesha kangakanani, ukushaya kwenhliziyo noma amandla akhe okuzivocavoca.
Ngokombono wamandla okushaya kanye nesivinini sokugijima, umthetho wesithathu kaNewton ubaluleke kakhulu: uyasitshela. Uma umlenze womgijimi uqondile uma uthinta umhlabathi futhi unyawo luphambi komzimba, khona-ke lolu nyawo luzothinta umhlabathi phambili naphansi, kuyilapho umhlabathi uzosunduza umlenze nomzimba womgijimi phezulu nangemuva.
Njengoba nje uNewton eshilo, “Wonke amandla anamandla okusabela alinganayo ngobukhulu kodwa aphambene.” Kulokhu, isiqondiso samandla okusabela siphambene ngqo nesiqondiso sokunyakaza umgijimi afisa ukusithola. Ngamanye amazwi, umgijimi ufuna ukuya phambili, kodwa amandla akheka ngemva kokuthinta umhlabathi azomsunduzela phezulu nangemuva (njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi).
Uma umgijimi ethinta umhlabathi ngesithende futhi unyawo luphambi komzimba, isiqondiso samandla okuqala okushaya (kanye namandla okusunduza aphumayo) sibheke phezulu nangemuva, okukude kakhulu nesiqondiso esilindelwe sokunyakaza komgijimi.
Uma umgijimi ethinta umhlabathi ngomlenze ongafanele i-Angle, umthetho kaNewton uthi amandla akhiqizwayo akumelwe abe ngcono kakhulu, futhi umgijimi akasoze afinyelela isivinini sokugijima esisheshayo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi abagijimi bafunde ukusebenzisa i-Angle efanele yokuxhumana nomhlabathi, okuyisici esiyisisekelo sephethini efanele yokugijima.
I-Angle eyinhloko ekuthinteni komhlaba ibizwa ngokuthi “i-Angle ye-tibial”, enqunywa yizinga le-Angle eyakhiwe phakathi kwe-tibia nomhlabathi lapho unyawo luqala ukuthinta umhlabathi. Isikhathi esiqondile sokulinganisa i-Angle ye-tibial yilapho unyawo luqala ukuthinta umhlabathi. Ukuze kutholakale i-Angle ye-tibia, kufanele kudwetshwe umugqa oqondile ohambisana ne-tibia kusukela maphakathi nejoyinti ledolo bese uholela emhlabathini. Omunye umugqa uqala endaweni yokuxhumana yomugqa ohambisana ne-tibia nomhlabathi bese udwetshwa uqonde phambili emhlabathini. Bese ususa ama-degree angu-90 kule Angle ukuze uthole i-Angle yangempela ye-tibial, okuyizinga le-Angle eyakhiwe phakathi kwe-tibia endaweni yokuxhumana kanye nomugqa oqondile oqonde emhlabathini.
Isibonelo, uma i-Engela ephakathi komhlabathi ne-tibia lapho unyawo luthinta umhlabathi okokuqala ingama-degree ayi-100 (njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi), khona-ke i-Engela yangempela ye-tibia ingama-degree ayi-10 (ama-degree ayi-100 kususwe ama-degree angama-90). Khumbula, i-Engela ye-tibial empeleni iyizinga le-Engela phakathi komugqa oqondile oqonde phansi endaweni yokuthintana ne-tibia.
I-Angle ye-tibial yizinga le-Angle eyakhiwe phakathi kwe-tibia endaweni yokuthintana kanye nomugqa oqondile oqonde phansi. I-Angle ye-tibial ingaba yinhle, ingu-zero noma i-negative. Uma i-tibia ithambekela phambili kusukela edolweni lapho unyawo luthinta umhlabathi, i-Angle ye-tibial inhle (njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi).
Uma i-tibia iqonde ngqo emhlabathini lapho unyawo luthinta umhlabathi, i-Angle ye-tibial ayilutho (njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi).
Uma i-tibia ithambekela phambili isuka edolweni lapho ithinta umhlabathi, i-tibial Angle ilungile. Uma ithinta umhlabathi, i-tibial Angle ingu--6 degrees (84 degrees minus 90 degrees) (njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi), futhi umgijimi angase awe phambili lapho ethinta umhlabathi. Uma i-tibia ithambekela emuva isuka edolweni lapho ithinta umhlabathi, i-tibial Angle ilungile.
Njengoba sesishilo okuningi kangaka, usuziqondile yini izakhi zephethini yokusebenza?
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-22-2025